Reference Report for SoyBase73101219
| Title: | Cowpea mild mottle, a newly recognized virus infecting cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in Ghana |
| Authors: | Brunt, A.A., Kenten, R.H. |
| Source: | Ann. Appl. Biol. 1973, 74(1):67-74 |
| Abstract: | Cowpea mild mottle virus (CMMV), a previously undescribed virus widespread in cowpeas in the E. Region of Ghana, was seed-borne in cowpea, bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and soybean, but was not transmitted by 12 Aphid spp. including Aphis craccivora, A. fabae, Acyrthosiphum pisum and Myzus persicae. CMMV was sap transmitted to 11 of 17 members of the Papilionaceae, causing very severe disease in soybean and groundnut, and 10 of 51 spp. in 5 of 19 other families. The virus was best propagated in soybean and Nicotiana clevelandii, and assayed in Chenopodium quinoa. Sap from systemically infected soybean was infective after dilution to 10-3 but not 10-4, after 10 min at 65 deg C but not at 70 deg , or after 4 days at 18 deg or 16 days at 2 deg . Lyophilized sap was infective after 3 yr in vacuo. CMMV has straight to slightly flexuous, fragile filamentous particles c. 13 X 650 nm, which in sap are occasionally surrounded by a loose external spiral. About 5 mg of purified virus was obtained from 1 kg of leaf tissue of soybean or N. clevelandii by clarifying leaf extracts in 0.02 M borate buffer (pH 9.5) with chloroform, followed by 2 or 3 cycles of differential centrifugation and density gradient centrifugation. Virus preparations had UV absorption spectra typical of a nucleoprotein containing c. 5% nucleic acid, contained numerous particles without external spirals, which sedimented as a single component with a sedimentation coefficient (S deg 20,w) of 165 plus or minus 4S, and contained a single polypeptide species with molecular wt. 32 000 - 33 000. CMMV showed a distinct serological relationship with carnation latent virus, but not to 10 other morphologically similar viruses. The virus appears to be a member of the carlavirus group and has the cryptogram */*:*/(5):E/E:S/* |
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